Cultural History
Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation: Causes and Effects
The Protestant Reformation broke Western Christianity in the 16th century, while the Catholic Counter-Reformation reorganized doctrine, discipline and missions.
Enlightenment: Ideas, Philosophers & Impact
The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that aimed to revolutionize European states.
Renaissance: Meaning, Features, Artists, and Impact
The Renaissance reshaped European culture through humanism, classical learning, visual realism, and print.