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Summary: Diplomacy by Kissinger – Chapter 5 – Two Revolutionaries
This chapter discusses the roles of Napoleon III and Otto von Bismarck in shaping France and Germany, respectively.
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Summary: Diplomacy by Kissinger – Chapter 4 – The Concert of Europe
This chapter discusses European politics after the Napoleonic Era, when five countries began to share power in the continent.
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Brazilian Economy in the Empire: Regional Highlights
From 1822 until 1889, Brazil’s economy was characterized by great regional diversity: agriculture, mining, and industries.
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Brazilian Economy in the Colonial Period
The economy of Colonial Brazil was characterized by the predominance of sugar and mining, along with some other less relevant activities.
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Unification of Italy: Summary, Origins, Phases
The Risorgimento made Italy become an independent country thanks to revolutionaries like Garibaldi and moderates like Cavour.
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Summary: Diplomacy by Kissinger – Chapter 3 – From Universality to Equilibrium
This chapter discusses European politics in the 17th century, focusing on the roles of Cardinal Richelieu, William of Orange, and William Pitt.
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Summary: Diplomacy by Kissinger – Chapter 2 – The Hinge
This chapter discusses the rise of the U.S. as a global power in the 20th century, thanks to the Roosevelt and the Wilson presidencies.
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Summary: Diplomacy by Kissinger – Chapter 1 – The New World Order
This chapter introduces Kissinger’s ideas about American diplomacy and briefly contrasts them with the policies of other countries.
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Revolutions of 1848: Springtime of the Peoples
In 1848, Europeans from various countries would rebel simultaneously, helping to usher in a new era of political liberalism.