19th Century

U.S. History: From Jackson to Lincoln (1829-1861)

Before the Civil War, the United States experienced profound socioeconomic changes, a religious revival, a significant expansion of its territory.
U.S. History: From Jefferson to Jackson (1801-1829)

In the first half of the 19th century, the United States expanded its territory and engaged in international conflicts.
The 19th Century Revolutions according to Hobsbawm

In the book “Age of Revolution,” Eric Hobsbawm discusses the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, and other European uprisings in the 19th century.
Imperialism: Causes, Factors, Characteristics

Imperialism was the expansion of European territorial dominance around the world, especially in Africa and Asia, in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Industrial Revolutions: Summary, Causes, Consequences & Inventions

Since the 19th century, beginning in Britain, a series of inventions have profoundly revolutionized the world economy.
Summary: Diplomacy by Kissinger – Chapter 7 – A Political Doomsday Machine

This chapter discusses the long-term tensions between Germany, Russia, Great Britain and France that led to World War I.
Unification of Germany: Origins, Wars & Bismarck’s Role

Germany was created from wars that unified various small kingdoms and two larger ones: Austria and Prussia.
Brazilian Economy in the First Republic

During the First Republic, Brazil experienced significant economic transformations but remained dependent on coffee exports.
Biography of Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821)

Napoleon was a French general who became Consul, then Emperor. He ruled over Europe for many years until his final defeat and exile.